The Espresso Index

US top income shares, 1913–today

In 2024, the top 1% of US adults received about 21% of all pre-tax income and the top 10% about 47% — the U-shaped century first documented from tax records by Piketty and Saez.

Data as of: World Inequality Database (WID.world) (WID bulk data, latest year 2024) ·

How to read this chart

Each line is the slice of the nation's total pre-tax income going to that group in a given year. Read left to right: high concentration before 1929, a sharp fall through the Depression and WWII, decades of low concentration, then a climb from around 1980. These are pre-tax shares — after taxes and transfers the top shares are lower. Background: how inequality is measured; the original paper: Piketty & Saez (2003).

Methodology

Share of pre-tax national income (before taxes and transfers, after pension/unemployment insurance) received by each group, equal-split among adult couples, age 20+. WID variable sptincj992. Pre-tax shares are the standard series in the Piketty–Saez tradition; post-tax shares are lower at the top.

Coverage: United States, 1820–2024. WID updates annually; we re-sync at least every 120 days. License: CC BY 4.0 (WID.world terms). Download the data (JSON).

Data table (text alternative)
US top 1% and top 10% pre-tax income shares, every fifth year from 1913 plus the latest year
YearTop 1% shareTop 10% share
191520.3%43.0%
192018.8%43.3%
192520.7%47.2%
193019.1%45.5%
193519.3%48.1%
194020.5%48.0%
194514.3%35.3%
195016.4%38.3%
195514.6%36.7%
196012.4%34.8%
196513.0%36.6%
197010.7%33.5%
197510.4%34.0%
198010.4%33.8%
198512.3%36.5%
199014.7%38.8%
199514.5%39.9%
200017.3%42.7%
200518.1%43.6%
201017.9%43.8%
201518.9%45.5%
202018.2%44.6%
202420.7%46.8%